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2017), linked to longer-term patterns of circular migration (Potts 2010). A movement of people between rural and urban homes, with income-earning activity spread across sites is common (Ingelaere et al. 2019 Tacoli and Agergaard 2017 Tacoli and Mabala 2010).
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This may have a gendered and generational dynamic, with women and younger people engaging in trading and new businesses (Agergaard et al. Many have commented on the importance of multi-location and multi-activity households, as people within a household take on different roles on- and off-farm (Steel et al. Value thus is added to agricultural production in local and regional economies (Berdegué and Proctor 20 Rondinelli 1988), although depending on the agricultural value chain, the implications for small towns may differ (Lazaro et al. As rural–urban commerce grows, the importance of supply chains, transport networks, processing facilities and connections to retail outlets are emphasised. 2020) and ‘nodes’ of economic activity (Hinderink and Titus 1988).
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This might involve significant infrastructure investment to encourage agriculture-linked industrial activity creating ‘growth poles’ (Picard et al. Others focus on the spatial relations involved, with the growth of small towns being vital in wider economic change (Dorosh and Thurlow 2013 Pedersen 1997 Simon 1992 Baker 1990 Hardoy and Satterthwaite 1988). This is often framed in terms of a ‘structural transformation’ whereby low productivity agriculture is replaced by increasingly industrialised economies (McMillan and Heady 2014), with a concomitant process of deagrariansisation (Bryceson 1996) and growth in urban areas through migration (De Brauw et al. Most discussions point to evolutionary changes as agricultural areas prosper and markets expand, small towns grow with linkages forged through markets, transport and labour exchange generating multiplier effects through a non-farm rural economy (Christiaensen et al. The literature on small towns and rural–urban linkages in Africa has not addressed the context of land reform. For three contrasting settings across Zimbabwe, this article asks what difference has land reform made for small towns situated in areas dominated by a restructured agricultural economy? With a reconfigured agrarian structure the relationships with urban areas have changed too. Ceci suggère que, suite a des reformes rurales, viser un axe territorial (qui comprend des zones urbaines et rurales) offre du potentiel au développement économique locale.įollowing the major land reform in Zimbabwe from 2000, the rural landscape has been transformed (Moyo 2011 Scoones et al. En dépit de la manque d’investissement publique dans les infrastructures de base, les économies des petites villes étudiés a augmenté de manière considérable, avec un changement important dans les relations agraires, ce qui a généré des nouvelles activités économiques et des nouveaux emplois. Etudes de cas soulignent l’importance des réseaux et relations sociales entre les zones rurales et urbaines, associés aux nouveaux modèles de migration et à la croissance massive de l’économie parallèle. Cet article explore trois parmi ces villages - Mvurwi, Chatsworth and Maphisa – en examinant les changements de population, de logement, de transport et d’activité commerciale entre 2000 et 2020. La reforme rurale du Zimbabwe a, à partir de l’année 2000, radicalement transformé la structure agraire, et avec celle-ci les petites villages dans les zones rurales.